Since the Bolivian
revolution in 1952, migrants have come to the city of Cochabamba, seeking
opportunity and relief from rural poverty. They have settled in barrios
on the city's outskirts only to find that the rights of citizensbasic
rights of property and security, especially protection from crimeare
not available to them. In this ethnography, Daniel M. Goldstein considers
the significance of and similarities between two kinds of spectaclesstreet
festivals and the vigilante lynching of criminalsas they are performed
in the Cochabamba barrio of Villa Pagador. By examining folkloric festivals
and vigilante violence within the same analytical framework, Goldstein
shows how marginalized urban migrants, shut out of the city and neglected
by the state, use performance to assert their national belonging and
to express their grievances against the inadequacies of the state's
official legal order.
During the period
of Goldstein's fieldwork in Villa Pagador in the mid-1990s, residents
attempted to lynch several thieves and attacked the police who tried
to intervene.
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Since that time, there have been hundreds of lynchings in the poor
barrios surrounding Cochabamba. Goldstein presents the lynchings of thieves
as a form of horrific performance, with elements of critique and political
action that echo those of local festivals. He explores the consequences
and implications of extralegal violence for human rights and the rule
of law in the contemporary Andes. In rich detail, he provides an in-depth
look at the development of Villa Pagador and of the larger metropolitan
area of Cochabamba, illuminating a contemporary Andean city from both
microethnographic and macrohistorical perspectives. Focusing on indigenous
peoples' experiences of urban life and their attempts to manage their
sociopolitical status within the broader context of neoliberal capitalism
and political decentralization, The Spectacular City highlights the deep
connections between performance, law, violence, and the state.
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