Office Hours: Mon. 10:00-11:30; Tues. 3:30-4:30; Thurs. 3:30-4:30; other times by appointment.

Arras, J.D. and Steinbock, B. Ethical Issues in Modern Medicine, 5^th ed. [E]

Pojman, L.P. Moral Philosophy, 2^nd ed. [M]

Thomas, J. and Waluchow, W. Well and Good, 3^rd ed. [W]

Weston, A. A Rulebook for Arguments, 3^rd ed. [R]

8/30: Doing Philosophy; The Nature of Ethics I [Weston, A Rulebook for Arguments (R xi-18); Pojman, "What is Moral Philosophy?" (M xi-xvi); Plato, The Republic (M 1-18); Arras, Steinbock and London, "Moral Reasoning in the Medical Context" (E 1-8)]

9/4: Doing Philosophy; The Nature of Ethics II [Weston, A Rulebook for Arguments (R 19-39); Thomas and Waluchow, "Introduction: Ethical Resources for Decision-Making" (W 1-16); Pojman, "A Defense of Ethical Objectivism" (M 38-52)]

9/6: Writing Philosophy; The Nature of Ethics III [Weston, A Rulebook for Arguments, 53-78); Plato, The Republic (M 53-61; 104-112)]

9/11: Overview of Ethical Theories [Arras, Steinbock and London, "Moral Reasoning in the Medical Context" (E 8-40); Thomas and Waluchow, "Five Ethical Theories" (W 6-49)]

9/13: Physician-Patient Relationship [Case 1:1 When Physician and Family Disagree (W 61-67); Veatch, "The Dying Cancer Patient" (E 51-55); The Hippocratic Oath (E 55); Lund, "The Doctor, the Patient, and the Truth" (E 56-58); Goldman, "The Refutation of Medical Paternalism" (E 59-67); Emanuel and Emanuel, "Four Models of the Physician-Patient Relationship" (E 67-76); Mill, Utilitarianism (M 141-146)]

9/18: Informed Consent [Case: Arras, Antihypertensives and the Risk of Impotence: A Case Study in Informed Consent (E 85-86); Arato v. Avedon (E 77-84); Katz, "Informed Consent—Must It Remain a Fairy Tale?" (E 86-94); Brody, "Transparency: Informed Consent in Primary Care" (E 94-100)]

9/20: Professional Responsibility and Managed Care [Case: The HMO Physician’s Duty to Cut Costs (E 109); Levinsky, "The Doctor’s Master" (E 100-103); Christensen, "Ethically Important Distinctions Among Managed Care Organizations" (E 103-108); Morreim, "Fiscal Scarcity and the Inevitability of Bedside Budget Balancing" (E 109-115); Hall, "Informed Consent to Rationing Decisions" (E 115-122); Applebaum, "Must We Forgo Informed Consent to Control Health Care Costs? (E 122-126); Williams, "A Critique of Utilitarianism" (M 168-178)]

9/25: Definition of Death [Case 8:5 The Brain Dead As Teaching Materials (W 200-208); President’s Commission, "Defining Death" (E 143-151); Veatch, "The Impending Collapse of the Whole-Brain Definition of Death" (E 152-160); Truog, "Is It Time to Abandon Brain Death?" 160-169)]

9/27: Refusing Treatment [Case: Dax’s Case (E 187-194); Tennessee Dept. of Human Services v. Northern (E 170-177); Buchanan and Brock, "Deciding for Others: Competency" (E 177-187); Kant "The Foundations of Ethics" (M 194-213)]

10/2: Advance Directives [Case: in Eisendrath and Jonsen; Eisendrath and Jonsen, "The Living Will: Help or Hindrance?" (E 194-201); Annas, "The Health Care Proxy and the Living Will" (E 201-205); Cantor, "Testing the Limits of Prospective Autonomy: Five Scenarios" (E 205-206); In the Matter of Conroy (E 207-216); Aristotle, "Virtue Ethics (M 249-259)]

10/11: Surrogate Decision-Making [Case: in Arras; Arras, "The Severely Demented, Minimally Functional Patient: An Ethical Analysis" (E 216-224); U.S. Bishops’ Pro-Life Committee, "Nutrition and Hydration: Moral and Pastoral Reflections" (E 224-231); Dresser and Robertson "Quality of Life and Non-Treatment Decisions for Incompetent Patients: A Critique of the Orthodox Approach" (E 231-242); Rhoden, "The Limits of Legal Objectivity" (E 243-250)]

10/16: Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide [Case 8:1 Don’t Let My Mother Die; Case 8:2 Please Let Me Die (W 175-182); N.Y. State Task Force on Life and the Law, "The Distinction Between Refusing Medical Treatment and Suicide" (E 266-273); Arras, "Physician-Assisted Suicide: A Tragic View" (E 274-280): Battin, "Euthanasia: The Way We Do It, The Way They Do It" (E 280-292); Pellegrino, "Doctors Must Not Kill" (on library reserve)]

10/18: Abortion [Case 3:1 Should Fetuses With "Milder Defects" be Aborted? (W 93-99); Pope John Paul II, "The Unspeakable Crime of Abortion" (E 330-332); Thomson, "A Defense of Abortion" (E 332-341); Warren, "On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion" (E 342-352); Marquis, "Why Abortion is Immoral" (E 352-360); Sherwin, "Abortion: A Feminist Perspective" (E 360-366); Callahan, "A Case for Pro-Life Feminism" (E 366-375)]

10/23: Procreative Autonomy and Responsibility [Case: in Steinbock; Steinbock, "The McCaughey Septuplets: Medical Miracle or Gambling With Fertility Drugs?" (E 375-377); Rothman, "Prenatal Diagnosis" (E 378-384); Asch, "Can Aborting ‘Imperfect’ Children Be Immoral?" (E 384-388); Steinbock and McClamrock, "When Is Birth Unfair to the Child?" (E 388-397); Brock, "The Non-Identity Problem and Genetic Harms—The Case of Wrongful Handicaps" (E 397-401)]

10/25: FIRST PAPER DUE. Assisted Reproductive Technologies [Case 4:1 Difficulties with Therapeutic Donor Insemination (W 107-114); Robertson, "The Presumptive Primacy of Procreative Liberty" (E 415-425); Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, "Instruction on Respect for Human Life in Its Origin and on the Dignity of Procreation" (E 425-434); Warren, "IVF and Women’s Interests: An Analysis of Feminist Concerns" (E 434-444); Thomas Aquinas, "Natural Law" (M 21-32)]

10/30: Surrogate Mothers [Case 4:2 The Legality and Morality of Surrogate Motherhood (W 115-121); Rothman, "On ‘Surrogacy’" (E 445-452); Steinbock, "Surrogate Motherhood as Prenatal Adoption" (E 452-460); Murray, "Families, the Marketplace, and Values" (E 460-470); Charo, "And Baby Makes Three—or Four, or Five, or Six: Redefining the Family After the Reprotech Revolution" (E 470-481)]

11/1: Cloning and Genetic Issues [Case: Should We Clone Human Beings?; NBAC, "Executive Summary: Cloning Human Beings" (E 481-484); Brock, "Cloning Human Beings: An Assessment of the Ethical Issues Pro and Con" (E 484-496); Kass, "The Wisdom of Repugnance" (E 496-510)]

11/6: Genetic Screening and Testing [Case: The Price of Silence (on library reserve); Wilfond and Fost, "The Introduction of Cystic Fibrosis Carrier Screening into Clinical Practice: Policy Considerations" (E 510-521); Schüklenk, et al., "The Ethics of Genetic Research on Sexual Orientation" (E 522-530)]

11/8: Human Experimentation [Case 5:2 Research Involving Alzheimer Patients (W 129-138); Veatch, "‘Experimental’ Pregnancy" (E 544-546); Brandt, "Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study" (E 547-557); Donagan, "Informed Consent to Experimentation" (E 560-565); The Nuremburg Code (E 565-566); Declaration of Helsinki (E 566-568); Markman, "Ethical Difficulties with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients" (E 569-572); Hellman and Hellman, "Of Mice but Not Men: Problems of the Clinical Trial" (E 572-577); Freedman, "A Response to a Purported Ethical Difficulty with Randomized Clinical Trials Involving Cancer Patients" (E 577-580)]

11/13: Access to Experimental Therapies [Case 7:1 A Baboon Heart for Baby Fae (W 157-162); Levine, "Changing Views of Justice after Belmont: AIDS and the Inclusion of ‘Vulnerable’ Subjects" (E 581-589); Lurie and Wolfe, "Unethical Trials of Interventions to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developing Countries" (E 589-594); Varmus and Satcher, "Ethical Complexities of Conducting Research in Developing Countries" (E 594-597); CIOMS and WHO, "International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects" (E 597-601); Appelbaum, "Drug-Free Research in Schizophrenia: An Overview of the Controversy" (E 601-606); Katz, "The UCLA Schizophrenia Relapse Study" (E 607-613)]

11/15: SECOND PAPER DUE. Justice and Health Care I [Case: My Conscience, Your Money (on library reserve); President’s Commission, "An Ethical Framework for Access to Health Care" (E 630-638); Daniels, "Equal Opportunity and Health Care" (E 639-641); Engelhardt, "Freedom and Moral Diversity: The Moral Failures of Health Care in the Welfare State" (E 642-651); Hobbes, from Leviathan (M 62-71)]

11/20: Justice and Health Care II [Case 9:1 Dialysis Machine Shortages: Who Shall Live? (W 215-221); Callahan, "Aging and the Ends of Medicine" (E 652-658); Cassel, "The Limits of Setting Limits" (E 658-662); Daniels, "Is the Oregon Rationing Plan Fair?" (E 663-669); Moss and Siegler, "Should Alcoholics Compete Equally for Liver Transplantation?" (E 669-674); Cohen, et al., "Alcoholics and Liver Transplantation" (E 675-679); Fleck, "Just Caring: Managed Care and Protease Inhibitors" (E 679-686); Wright, "The Coverage of Happiness: When Prozac Meets Universal Coverage" (E 693-698)]

11/22: THANKSGIVING. NO CLASS

11/27: Justice and Health Care III [Case 9:2 Budget Cutting in Neonatology and Perinatology (W 222-230); Eddy, "The Individual v. Society: Resolving the Conflict" (E 699-706); Harris, "QALYfying the Value of Life" (E 706-714); Menzel, "Prior Consent to Rationing: Minimizing the Ethical Costs" (E 715-724); Childress, "Fairness in the Allocation and Delivery of Health Care: A Case Study in Organ Transplantation (E 724-735); Veatch, "Equality, Justice, and Rightness in Allocating Health Care: A Response to James Childress" (E 735-740)]