Animal Physiology
(Biology 390)

Class Materials and Schedule

Fall 2008
College of the Holy Cross

Dr. Ken Prestwich

The Fall 2008 Dream Animal Physiology Class. L to R: (back) Luke Botting '09, GatorBoy, Chadd Baer '09, Greg Leslie '09, Taylor Glor '10, Theron Fussell '10, Laura Cerroni '09, Amy Trojanowski '09, Dan York '10, Mike Kryzak '09 & Andrew Moczula. Front: Matt Partain '09.5, Natasha Tobarran '09, Megan Cooper '09, Jen Olson '09, and Chris Gibson '09.

Tuesday Dec. 9: I have posted all remaining PP. Please note that the final class's PP includes all material that you need for the final -- there is material, for instance on airway resistance, that is in the packet but will not be covered on the exam.

The REVIEW SESSION will begin SUNDAY at 1030 AM in our classroom.

NO OFFICE HOURS WEDNESDAY due to committee meeting (all day).
THURSDAY OFFICE HOURS 10 AM to NOON.
FRIDAY OFFICE HOURS TBA

Website Contents

Course Information Sheet

Exam Schedule

Cl #1
9 / 3 (W)
Preface -- Introduction to Animal Physiology

Introduction to physiology and its central concept -- regulation

Class #1 PP -- CHC access only
Cl #2
9 / 5 (F)

Part 1. Metabolism and Temperature

An overview of energy transformations -- General principles of bioenergetics

Class #2 PP -- CHC access only
Cl #3
9 / 8 (M)

class & lab were cancelled

Cl #4
9 / 10 (W)

Finish overview of energy x0forms.
An overview of the biochemistry of metabolism

PP for cl#4 -- CHC access only


Cl #5
9 / 12 (F)

The regulation of ATP concentration.
Catabolic pathways: Aerobic metabolism.

Cl #6
9 / 15 (M)

The RQ concept and its uses (aerobic metabolism notes)
Anaerobic metabolism

RQ Problems

RQ Prob. Solns.

Lab Week #1: Measuring metabolism: Metabolic rate and body size.

Cl #7 
9 / 17 (W)

The regulation of metabolism

PP for cl#5&6 -- CHC access only

Scope and Efficiency Problems

Study Questions on Metabolism

Scope and Efficiency Prob. Solns.

Cl #8
9 / 19 (F)

NO CLASS

 

Cl #9
9 / 22 (M)

Activity metabolism.

begin Ectothermy: temperature regulation and metabolism
Textbook Reading Assignment: Ch. 6--Temperature and Ch. 7--Temperature Regulation (entire unit)

PP for cl#7 & 9 -- CHC access only

 

Lab #2: Metabolism and temperature

Cl #10
9 / 24 (W)


Finish activity metabolism
Temperature and metabolism

 

Cl #11
9 / 26 (F)

Temperature and metabolism in ectotherms. Q10. (same as previous notes)

PP for cl#10 up to exam -- CHC access only

-- END MATERIAL FOR EXAM #1

Heliothermy and endothermy.

Cl #12
9 / 29 (M)

Finish ectothermy with heat transfer and heliothermy.


Exam #1 from 2 to 4 PM in our classroom.

Cl #13
10 / 1 (W)

Euthermic endothermy (same as previous notes)

Cl #14
10 / 3 (F)

Finish euthermy

 

Cl #15
10 / 6 (M)
Part 2. The Physiology of Contractile Systems
A. Introduction and the Biochemistry of Contraction

Muscle morphology and the biochemistry of contraction

Lab #4: Skeletal Muscle Function

Cl #16
10 / 8 (W)

Excitation - Contraction Coupling in skeletal muscle (SkM)

Skeletal Muscle PP -- CHC access only
Cl #17
10 / 10 (F)

EC Coupling in Smooth muscles

Smooth Muscle PP -- CHC access only
10 / 13 (M) No Class or Lab -- Columbus Day Break (Oct. 13 and 14)
Cl #18
10 / 15 (W)
Part 2: The Physiology of Contractile Systems
B. Elasticity and Contraction.

Skeletal muscle biophysics

Cl #19
10 / 17 (F)
Cl #20
10 / 20 (M)

Finish integrated skeletal muscle function. -- PP is with previous class.
Some discussion of textbook questions dealing with muscle.

Part 3: Excitable Cells
Resource -- Electricity for physiology students - (a review, hopefully)

 

Lab #5: Neuronal function simulations and compound action potentials

Cl #21
10 / 22 (W)

Information, signals, and biological systems -- a broad, almost philosophical overview of signalling and information. 
The resting potential

Cl #22 IN PART
10 / 24 (F)

Finish resting potentials -- Exam #2 ends with resting potentials

An introduction to "moving potentials" and membrane models -- notes have moved to class #23

Cl #23
10 / 27 (M)

Action potentials and the voltage clamp

Exam #2 from 2 to 4 PM in the lab period.

Cl #24
10 / 29 (W)

Action potentials, continued

 
Cl #25
10 / 31 (F)

Transmission of bioelectrical potentials and Synaptic transmission 

Cl #26
11 /3 (M)

finish transmission of bioelectric potentials.
Begin synaptic transmission (truncated version -- see PPT)

 
Cl #27
11 / 5 (W)

Finish synaptic transmission

Cl #28
11 / 7 (F)

An overview of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems

Part 4: Circulation


Introduction to the Circulation (Introduction to circulations HO (will not be covered in class but you are expected to know this material)
Basic Fluid Dynamics

Textbook Reading Assignment for entire unit: Ch. 3 -- Circulations
Cl #29
11 / 10 (M)

Vasculature & Lymph

 

Lab #7: EKG interpretation

Cl #30
11 / 12 (W)

Cardiac physiology HO
Summary diagram for the heart

Vertebrate Heart PP (end of exam 3 material)

Circulation Problems
Atherosclerosis Peripheral Resistance Fick Principle Problem
Solutions Solutions Solutions

Cl #31
11 / 14 (F)

Cardiac work diagram, overall view of heart operation -- exam material ends here

How arteries alter cardiac output and influence cardiac work

 

Cl #32
11 / 17 (M)

Overall control of mammalian circulations

Exam #3 from 2 to 4 PM in the lab period (no lab)

Cl #33
11 / 19 (W)

finish circulatory regulation, discuss a few applications (e.g., digoxin and congestive heart failure, cv shock).

Part 5: The Regulation of Fluid and Ionic Balance

Begin Kidney anatomy, function, and the clearance concept HO

Cl #34
11 / 21 (F)
Cl #35
11 / 24 (M)
Part 6: Respiratory Physiology
A. Overview and the comparative physiology of respiration & behavior of gases in watery solutions.

Overview of respiratory systems

 

Lab #8: Integrated physiology week 2

11 / 25 through 11 / 30 ---- THANKSGIVING VACATION 
Cl #36
12 / 1 (M)
Cl #37
12 / 3 (W)
Part 6: Respiratory Physiology
B. Blood gas transport

The behavior of respiratory gases in watery solutions -- this is what we will spend most of our class time on!

S-N Text Reading Assignment
Ch. 2 -- Blood
 Oxygen transport problems Fick's Principle and hemoglobin problem
  Solutions Solution

Cl #38
12 / 5 (F)

Finish blood oxygen transport.

Part 6: Respiratory Systems
C. The mechanics of breathing in mammals

The mechanics of breathing

Compliance Reference Materials

Cl #39
12 / 8 (M)
EXTRA CREDIT MATERIAL


Blood, breathing and acid-base balance

Acid/Base Problems
RespProb7_pHreview RespProbs --Acid-base RespProb9_Acid-baseDisturb
Solutions
Solutions

EXTRA MATERIALS -- NOT ON THE FINAL EXAM

 
Lung/Blood Problems
Solutions Solutions
 
RespProb12_CO2-O2 Diagram.pdf Dilution Problem Diving and Dead Space
IN LAB Solution Solution
12 / 10 (W)
Study Period Begins
Comprehensive Final Exam Wednesday December 17 from 8:30 to noon

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Lab Schedule

General Lab Information

SEPT. 8

Lab cancelled

SEPT. 15

Lab 1: Spirometry and the measurement of respiratory volumes. Resting metabolism.

SEPT.22
Lab 2: Temperature and metabolism
Animal Physiology Art. Cold room.© 2003 by Andrew Pina, CHC Biology '04.
SEPT. 29

 EXAM #1 -- 2 TO 4 PM -- Includes lecture material and 20 point lab exam.

4 TO 5 PM -- LAB -- AN INTRODUCTION TO USING BIOPAC SOFTWARE (SEE BELOW)

OCT. 6 Lab 4: O 5 PM -- LAB -- AN INTRODUCTION TO USING BIOPAC SOFTWARE (SEE BELOW)
Muscle function -- emg and force.
OCT. 13

 NO LAB -- Columbus Day Break

OCT. 20 Lab 5: Neuronal simulations and compound extracellular potential -- the electroencephalogram (EEG).

Neuron simulation handout

Biopac handouts for EEG labs. Campus access only
OCT. 27  EXAM #2 -- 2 TO 4 PM
NOV. 3 Lab 6: The measurement circulatory and respiratory parameters: blood pressure (limb and chest leads.), the electrocardiogram, and lung volumes. Discussion of the EKG coupled with a presentation on how to read EMGs.

 

Measurement of blood pressure and heart rate

NOV. 10 EKG lab 2
NOV. 17
EXAM #2 -- 2 to 4 PM
NOV. 24
Animal Physiology Art. Diving response experiment. © 2003 by Andrew Pina, CHC Biology '04.
  Lab 7: Begin integrated respiration and circulation
Measurement of Respiratory Volumes
(in lab)
Measurement of forced Expiratory Volumes

 

DEC. 1

:Lab 8:Respiration and circulation, week 2. Regulation of breathing.

Respiration and circulation, week 2

Minute Volumes and Breathing Rates
(be sure to do this problem before lab)

Regulation of Breathing
(in lab)

DEC. 8 Lab 10: Discussion of labs -- BIOLOGY DEPARTMENTAL COMPUTER LAB
Luke, Matt and Taylor -- our center, kicker and holder--after the Nov. 8 victory over Fordham. You can play football at a high level and do well in a tough course, if you work at it! Phys 2008.

 


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